Eternal India Encyclopedia

Eternal India en cyclop edia

LURE - THRU THE AGES

defeated in 1817. The Third Maratha War (1817-18) was short but decisive. Lord Hastings concluded a series of trea- ties with different Rajput States in 1817 and 1818 on the basis of defensive alliance, perpet- ual friendship, protection and subordinate co- operation. One by one the Rajput States ac- cepted British suzerainty and sacrificed their independence for protection. Thus, when Lord Hastings left India in 1823, the British Empire in India was es- tablished on a secure basis. LORD AMHERST 1823-28 The first Burmese War and the capture of Bharatpur was the most important event of his period. LORD WILLIAM BENTINCK Lord William Bentinck, was Governor- General from 1828-35. Bentinck introduced three grades of judges.

bands known as Thugs who murdered helpless travellers. More than 3000 Thugs were caught during 1831-37. The decision to introduce Western knowledge and science through the medium of English was initiated during the time of Lord William Bentinck. LORD HARDINGE 1844-48 The British Secretary of War. He had participated in the Peninsular War and Waterloo. The most important event of his period was the first Sikh War and the Treaty of Lahore (1846); He carried out many reforms, made arrangements for the preservation of ancient monuments and suppressed the practice of human scarifice in Orissa.

British Conquests in India up to 1856

British Territories

It took the British another 50 years to establish their domination over the entire country. The Industrial Revoluton provided a new impetus to the policy of British expansion in India. The vast market and resources of India could be fully subordinated to British economic interests only by establishing fall administrative control over the country. states were annexed by him if their ruler died without leaving any natural heir. Dalhousie annexed Satara (1848), Jaipur and Sham- balpur (1849), Baghat (1850), Udaipur (1852), Jhansi (1853), Nagpur (1854). In 1856 he annexed Oudh. Dalhousie also abolished titles and pensions, telegraphs and railways were introduced for the first time in India. He fol- lowed the policy of free trade. All ports of India were declared free. He reformed the postal system. Universities were established in 1857 in Madras, Bombay & Calcutta.

LORD DALHOUSIE

A Regulation of 1832 introduced the jury system in Bengal. In 1829 Bentinck declared the practice of Sati as illegal and punishable as "culpable homicide". He had the support of Raja Ram Mohan Roy. Another great reform of Lord William Bentinck is the suppression of the organised

He is called the builder of the British Empire in India. The Second Sikh War and the Second Burmese War were fought during his tenure. After the First Sikh War Punjab was annexed in 1849. After the Second Bur- mese War lower Burma was annexed. Lord Dalhousie is famous for his application of Doctrine of Lapse under which a number of

Fort St. George, Madras

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